Foundations of Cognitive Therapy from the Islamic Point of View; Islamic Attitude towards Man in Comparison with Other Current Schools of Thought

Various schools in psychology such as psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanism, cognitive schools, etc., have made tremendous efforts to understand man (man's nature) and his psychological - behavioral problems. They have also viewed man and his needs in various aspects. Religious view has taken man and his problems into serious consideration.
In this study an attempt is made to compare the current cognitive schools with religious mind concerning the role of man's beliefs and their influence on his emotions and behaviours.
Ignoring man's nature and his theistic thought, theoreticians and scholars, advocating the current schools, generally consider the religious thought as a part of the whole human thought, thinking that religion is merely an agent applied at times in the treatment of mental diseases and psychological problems, while in the realm of religious knowledge, the theistic thought and belief in God constitute the context in which true beliefs and thoughts can occur and the underlying illogical beliefs are believed to be springing from disbelief in theistic thought.
According to the cognitive model, factors such as environment, educational methods and one's personal traits underlie the system of human beliefs, and it is society and individual that determine the reasonableness of beliefs.
But, according to religious view, these beliefs extend beyond man and his relations with his own self and others into a world-view, and belief in God, the Resurrection, the unseen angels and the Book (the Qur'an) constitutes man's logical belief, while man's illogical beliefs are mainly based on disbelief in God and the Resurrection.