In this article, the three different conceptions of technology (technology as a tool; as manipulation of a tool; and as Gestell) are reviewed, and then the viewpoint of Feenberg, in this regard is studied. Feenberg's perspective is studied since he has greatly and systematically studied the concept of alternative technology in his works.
Finally, the article attends to the question: how can the concept of alternative technology be supported? In this section, it is shown that alternative technology can be viewed in two levels of method and cognitive–normative framework.
)