Explaining "Sex/ Gender" Duality in the System of Practical Wisdom

Introduction and Objectives:
The separation of sex/gender and then not supervening gender over sex, which has been proposed in social sciences, is one of the most important social issues of scientific approaches due to the legal and cultural requirements and of course the science. To identify the way to enter the debate and judge such a duality, the first question is how to attain the methodological literature of this debate and identify this type of debate and, based on that, draw the discourse of this debate so that instead of confronting the approaches, it is possible to discuss approaches. In this way, it is possible to identify the concerns and methodological arguments of the proponents of this separation and provide a common literature to advance the discussion. Then, in another stage, it is possible to judge about this separation and then its claim that gender is not based on sex through an authentic method.
Method:
The method of this article to achieve such goals is a combination of a special kind of historical study combined with common sense reasoning.
Access to measurement and comparison between scientific approaches and paradigms requires a type of scientific and intellectual studies that is a combination of a special type of historical studies along with access to public arguments; Arguments that the human mind dictates regardless of paradigms and intellectual approaches. In this article, we identified the historical and intellectual roots of the separation of the two concepts of sex and gender in the history of the formation of sociological knowledge and its concepts in the works of Emile Durkheim. In the history of classical sociology, Durkheim used the conceptual distinction of individual and social conscience throughout his works. Based on this distinction, he was able to explain the social realities, the changeable identity of social reality, and laws as the norms that protect the society, and in this way, he established the theory of mechanic and organic solidarity in the description of traditional and modern societies. Durkheim did this through the concepts of similarity differentiation and division of labor. The division of labor leads to the formation of a special type of solidarity between people, while solidarity is based on the distinction in the social consciences of people. This type of division of labor and as a result this type of solidarity leads to the formation of a new social reality along with its special rights. This historical study shows us what intellectual foundations needed for this separation were how the intellectual space was ready for the birth of this conceptualization in the 70dicades and what conditions caused the emergence of this conceptual separation; A situation that may not be directly described in the current literature on gender issues and feminist studies. Much earlier, the conceptual and intellectual process to explain the transformation of the social rights of feminist movements for the realization of women's rights in Western society had begun, but it had not yet found the scientific and conceptual basis to penetrate the stream of social science until 1972 by Oakley. The distinction between sex and gender based on the fact that gender is something that is determined by society rather than having a natural basis was explicitly established in sociology, and the way of legal struggles in an official and scientific form was provided for feminist movements and found its proper conceptual and scientific basis.
But is this primary sociological background in distinguishing individual and social conscience and this determined form in distinguishing sex from gender a correct conceptual distinction?
The answer to this question requires a scientific and universal tool for judging and measuring conceptualizations in social science. This tool is nothing but knowledge that is not dependent on any specific scientific theory and viewpoint, and every human being can provide an answer to it. This tool is a general argument that precedes any theory and Allameh Tabatabai stated it before presenting the theory of Etebariat.
An anthropological argument as the basis of social sciences, which is taken from Allameh Tabatabai's meta-theory of Etebariat, makes it possible to make an intellectual comparison between the concepts of the common intellectual stream of social sciences with the practical wisdom of the Islamic era, and secondly, the above conceptual separation can be judged.
According to this argument, two levels of human life are depicted, one is the natural physical part and the other is the mental, active, and social part. To show which of these two levels is the main level and the other is considered its subsidiary, Allameh Tabatabai raises a question when death occurs which one of these two parts is lost? Is the death due to the closure of the first part or due to the closure of the second part? The answer is clear. As a result, the main part will be the first part that makes human life possible and the second part will supervene on the first part. We called the first part Sex base and the second part Gender structure.
In other words, we showed that human and social realities are supervened by the main part and the "base" in humans and proportion to it, in such a way that the gender structure cannot be considered independent of the sex base and in some way separate sex and gender. The structure of people's gender, which is made by society, is not only built based on society but this social structure is based on something called the basis of sex, which is his physical and physical nature. Therefore, the separation of the two concepts of sex and gender, which implies the idea that gender is created independently of sex and is simply created by society, cannot be correct and therefore a correct conceptualization; Because the concepts and separation between them involve contents that automatically impose themselves on human thought and society.
Therefore, the use of this conceptual separation introduces contents into the intellectual and cultural literature of the society that is not compatible with common sense. Therefore, to transfer this knowledge obtained from universal reasoning, in addition to the absence of conceptual differences, this fact must also be applied in the words referring to it. Therefore, two words "sex base" and "gender structure" which express the existential relationship between the structure and the base, and the non-separation of the base from the structure were proposed for the linguistic level of this knowledge. With this definition, gender cannot be considered as something constructed by society, although in the order of survival and reproduction, it is the society that decides whether to preserve or reproduce the female or male structures or to preserve the society and the lives of the members of the society. To change this principle can also be explained by Allameh Tabatabai's Etebariat theory under "change Etebariat".