Nature, place and role of Models in conventional economics and Islamic economics based on the principles of Islamic scholars

One of the fundamental issues of philosophy of science and economics is the nature and role of models in economic theorizing. Different theories have been presented in each of these fields. The informal idea among Islamic economists is to link modeling with mathematical topics. Examining the possibility and extent of using mathematics in Islamic economics requires another space, but modeling can be examined based on its foundations and place in economics. In this article, after examining the models in the philosophy of science and its follow-up in the economics, the nature, place and role of the models in the Islamic economy have been studied based on the principles of the Islamic scholars. Islamic scholars have not entered into the explanation of the models in a special way, and therefore the explanation of the models has been done based on the reproduction of their philosophical theories in this field. Relying on the reconstruction of the concept of representation based on the foundations of Islamic sages, modeling as a theoretical tool helps the theorist of Islamic economics to simplify the understanding or image of reality and can be used in Islamic economics by observing the limitations of the model. Based on this, all kinds of explanatory, prescriptive and policy models can be used in Islamic economics, each of which, depending on the type of model, is a theoretical tool to present the existing or desired reality or a solution to achieve the desired goal. Steps of these models in Islamic economy are explained in the text of the article.