On the Originality of Kuhn's Theory of Science

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Thomas Kuhn proposed an original theory of science in 1962. Some scholars have claimed that what Kuhn called "paradigm," "normal science" and "scientific revolution" had been mentioned by Heidegger. For paradigm, they invoke mathematical nature of modern science, the need to interpretative worlds, and the horizon of knowledge. For normal science, the main basis is the projection of a ground plan. And, for scientific revolution, resistance of anomalies and radical revision in fundamental concepts of science are mentioned. We reject all these claims. Kuhn in his postscript to the second edition of Structure distinguished between "disciplinary matrix" and "exemplar." The latter is neglected by those scholars. The former was composed of four elements and was dependent on a particular community of specialists. But neither is considered by those scholars. Kuhn said that in normal science scientists solve puzzles. However, according to those scholars, Heidegger had said that scientists do other things. Anomalies were not sufficient for scientific revolution according to Kuhn. But they had been considered sufficient according to some scholars. I conclude that Heidegger had not had philosophical priority over Kuhn in these subjects.

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