The Philosophical Basis of Organizational Studies in the Four Paradigms

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Abstract

The deficiency of the existing methodologies in recognition of societal and even natural phenomena requires an extensive review and expansion of these methodologies to provide an appropriate ground for a better understanding of phenomena. One of the fundamental grounds for development of organizational study methods is considering the methods' philosophical basis. Based on this, in order to eliminate such deficiencies in societal sciences especially organizational studies, first the philosophical basis of the four major paradigms: positivism, hermeneutics, critical and realism have been described and compared using eight main questions. Finally, pluralism in philosophical basis is suggested for a better and deeper understanding of societal and organizational phenomena.
 

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