کاربرد روش‎شناسی تفکر طراحی در مطالعات سازمان و مدیریت

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معارف اسلامی و مدیریت بازرگانی دانشگاه امام صادق علیه‌السلام

2 گروه معارف اسلامی و مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده معارف اسلامی و مدیریت، دانشگاه امام صادق علیه‌السلام

3 دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران دانشیار سیاست‌گذاری و مدیریت سلامت

4 دانشگاه امام صادق علیه السلام، دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معارف اسلامی و مدیریت بازرگانی

چکیده

امروزه استفاده از روش‎شناسی تفکر طراحی در مطالعات سازمان و مدیریت رو به فزونی است. در ایران در حیطه سازمان و مدیریت همچنان بین تفکر، تدوین و عمل شکاف وجود دارد و به‎طور مطلوب کاربست تفکر طراحی از نظر مفهومی و روشی بسط داده نشده است. هدف از این پژوهش، تبیین گفتمان‎های تفکر طراحی، اصول، مدل‎ها و روش‎های مورد استفاده آن در مطالعات سازمان و مدیریت است. روش‎شناسی پژوهش بر مبنای رویکرد کیفی و با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای داده‎های ثانویه بوده که از طریق استراتژی پژوهش عمومی کیفی انجام شده است. براساس نتایج پژوهش، تفکر طراحی ریشه در دو گفتمان طراحی و گفتمان مدیریت با کاربست‎های متمایز دارد.
در این پژوهش، طراحی انسان−محور، ترکیب تفکر واگرا و همگرا، هم‎آفرینی، تکرارپذیری و نمونه‎سازی به‎عنوان پنج اصل تفکر طراحی در حیطه سازمان شناسایی شدند. در ادامه مدل‎های تفکر طراحی سازمان‎های پیش‌رو براساس فازها، مراحل و فعالیت‎های تفکر طراحی طبقه‎بندی و برخی از روش‎های پرکاربرد آن تشریح شد. مدل‎های تفکر طراحی عمدتاً فرایندی بوده و می‎توان آنها را در چهار مرحله اکتشاف، خلق، بازتاب و پیاده‎سازی عملیاتی کرد.
در پایان، پیشنهادهای پژوهشی و عملیاتی جهت استفاده از تفکر طراحی در مسائل سازمان و مدیریت با توجه به ویژگی‎های مسئله، سطح تحلیل و خروجی‎های مورد انتظار ارائه شده است. این موارد محدود به علم مدیریت نبوده و در دیگر علوم اجتماعی کاربرد خواهد داشت.

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